Alcohol
Euphoria, mood instability, decreased impulse control and increased social confidence are characteristic of those who consume heavy amount of alcohol. Withdrawal symptoms can include increased blood pressure, rapid heart beat, agitation and anxiety, tremors, malaise and perceptual distortions.
Caffeine
In large quantities, caffeine can produce anxiety, although the amount needed to do so varies from person to person. Caffeine can also produce an increase in panic attacks.
Cocaine and Amphetamines
Euphoria, and a sense of internal well-being, and perceived increased powers of thought, strength and accomplishment after often experienced by users of cocaine and amphetamines. Dangerous behavior increases with the amount ingested. anxiety users often experience occasional paranoid delusions that sometimes go on for years.
Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens can produced a distorted sense of time, depersonalization, paranoia and delusional states in addition to hallucinations. That latter usually take the for of enhanced colors and shapes. Some people who take hallucinogens have prolonged psychotic reactions, worsening of mental disorders and flashbacks, which can consisted of flashes of light and prolonged peripheral after images.
Nicotine
Individuals who are addicted to nicotine are more apt to experienced depression than non-users. some people use nicotine to regulate mood, but there is no direct causal relationship between nicotine and depression. Those who quit smoking, however, often experienced cravings and depressive symptoms.
Opioids
Intoxication from opioids results in intense euphoria and well-being. Withdrawal can include severe body aches, gastrointestinal symptoms, dysphoria and agitations. anxiety, depression and seep disturbances can occur weeks after abstaining. Many people who are opiod dependent need replacement therapies such as methadone or suboxone to treat relapses.
Sedatives
Acute sedative intoxication has symptoms similar those those experienced with alcohol. Withdrawal symptoms are also similar, with the addition of hallucinations and grand mal seizures.
Diagnosing substance-induced disorders often requires repeated reevaluations. Some individuals may have a combination of one or more independent mental disorders and a substance-induced disorder.
